Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. It involves the development of algorithms and software that can perform tasks such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation.
Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of AI that focuses on the development of algorithms that allow computers to learn from and make predictions based on data. ML algorithms build models based on sample data, known as "training data," to make decisions or predictions without being explicitly programmed to perform the task.
Neural Networks are a series of algorithms that attempt to recognize underlying relationships in a set of data through a process that mimics the way the human brain operates. They are a key technology behind deep learning and are used in various applications such as image and speech recognition.
Deep Learning is a subset of machine learning that uses neural networks with many layers (deep neural networks) to analyze various factors of data. It is highly effective in tasks such as image and speech recognition, where it can outperform traditional machine learning techniques.
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a field of AI that focuses on the interaction between computers and humans through natural language. The ultimate goal of NLP is to enable computers to understand, interpret, and respond to human language in a way that is both valuable and meaningful.
Big Data refers to extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations, especially relating to human behavior and interactions. It involves the use of advanced analytical techniques to process and analyze data that is too large or complex for traditional data-processing methods.
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of physical objects—"things"—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies with the aim of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet.
Blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger that records transactions across many computers so that the record cannot be altered retroactively without the alteration of all subsequent blocks and the consensus of the network. It is the technology behind cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin.
Cybersecurity involves the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks. These cyberattacks are usually aimed at accessing, changing, or destroying sensitive information, extorting money from users, or interrupting normal business processes.
Cloud Computing refers to the delivery of computing services—including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and analytics—over the internet (the cloud) to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.
Quantum Computing is a type of computation that harnesses the collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform calculations. It holds the potential to solve complex problems that are beyond the capabilities of classical computers.
Augmented Reality (AR) is an interactive experience where real-world environments are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information, sometimes across multiple sensory modalities, including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory, and olfactory.
Virtual Reality (VR) is a simulated experience that can be similar to or completely different from the real world. Applications of VR include entertainment (e.g., video games), education (e.g., medical or military training), and business (e.g., virtual meetings).